Vascular plants
Vascular Plants Vascular plants
Plants producing seeds (Spermatophyta)
Ovules (and seeds) borne naked on sporophylls (or on scales projecting from sporophylls, which are usually arranged in cones. Microsporophylls bearing the pollen sacs also arranged in cones. Pollen deposited directly on the ovule Gymnosperms
Leaves on older branches different from leaves on the juvenile branches Araucariaceae
Leaves all ± the same